Types of Brake Calipers

A brake caliper is one of your car or motor bike’s most critical components. Without a working brake caliper, your automobile simply isn't safe enough to use until it's been replaced or fixed.

Brake calipers: how do they really work?

Your car wheels are attached to circular metal discs and these spin along with the wheels.
< The brake caliper is fitted over the rotating rotor disc and operates just like a clamp – depress on the brake pedal or pull the hand brake and the pads within the brake caliper are pushed out by pistons to make contact with the spinning rotor disc. The friction generated by the action of the pads on the rotor disc is what slows the vehicles.
There are various types of brake caliper:

What is a floating brake caliper?

Floating brake calipers have piston(s) on only one side of the rotor disc but contains brake pads that make contact with with the sides of the rotor. The caliper slides back and forth on pins or bushings, acting as a clamp.
The moment you press the brake pedal, the piston in the caliper pushes the disc brake pad only on the inboard side of the rotor disc. The floating caliper then slides on the bushings or pins and squeezes the outboard pad against the disc, initiating braking action.

What is the difference between a sliding caliper and floating caliper?

The sliding rotor disc caliper type is mounted in a slot in the caliper adapter. It is a variation of the floating caliper design, using a single piston and operating on the same principle – the piston applies pressure to one brake pad and the movable caliper applies pressure to the other.

What can go wrong with your automobile caliper?

A brake caliper has moving parts that can become faulty over time. When the brakes seize it can be because the piston becomes stuck within the brake caliper, the pads become stuck to the brake disc, or on single-piston calipers the slide pins can seize. If the brakes seize when the vehicle has been unused then the symptoms are fairly obvious: you can't get the car to move.

How can I make my car’s brakes better?

Short of removing and replacing your car’s braking system with larger brake rotors, you can fine-tune your present braking system to perform much better

1. Bigger brake caliper pistons: Larger pistons have greater clamping area and thus more clamping force over the brake rotor
2. More pistons: High-performance calipers that allow for more pistons – six-piston and even 12-piston models can increase the clamping pressure of the brake caliper.
   Less heat retention: Brake air scoops can help in this area. Larger discs can help to spread excess heat over a larger area.
3. Differential bore calipers It helps if the pistons that are closer to the rear edge of the caliper are larger. Differential-bore calipers use smaller pistons up front, larger pistons are placed towards the back.
4. Porsche Composite Ceramic Brakes (PCCB): These are among the best brakes you will be able to find in any road car. They're made from siliconised carbonfibre, with very high temperature capability, a 50% weight reduction over iron discs, noticable reduction in brake dust, and enhanced durability in corrosive environments over conventional iron brake rotrs. The discs are internally vented, similar to cast-iron ones, and cross-drilled. The cost, as you can imagine, is very very expensive.

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